液压裂管技术在污水管道原位置换中的应用          下载免费PDF全文

伍晓龙  董向宇  王舒婷 《探矿工程》2017,44(9):77-80

介绍了液压裂管技术的工作原理、施工步骤,并结合在长春污水管道更换的施工案例,对液压裂管技术应用于污水管道原位置换的施工步骤、施工遇到的问题和处理措施、以及施工注意事项进行了详细的阐述。在该工程中,液压裂管技术体现出了其独特的优势,取得了很好的效果,其中的经验为今后的非开挖换管工程提供借鉴。  相似文献   

冻土区管土相互作用研究综述   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1  

黄龙  盛煜  胡晓莹  王生廷 《冰川冻土》2017,39(1):112-122

管道是长距离输送天然气或石油的最经济有效的工具之一,当管道穿越冻土区时,将面临土体冻胀融沉作用引起的管道弯曲变形和破坏,管土之间的相互作用为冻土区管道设计和运营的重要考虑因素。简述目前世界上主要的穿越冻土区管道工程（罗曼井管道、俄罗斯远东地区管道、美国阿拉斯加管道及中国寒区管道网）的设计理论发展,归纳总结了管土相互作用室内外相关试验、数值模拟分析理论和方法等方面的研究成果和发展现状,并针对冻土区管土相互作用的研究提出进一步的研究展望。  相似文献   

海底管道出露悬空环境风险的定量评价研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李佳峻  郭伟其  张杰  陈新玺 《海洋科学》2017,41(10):10-18

海底管道是海洋油气输送的主要方式,其运行状况直接关系到海上油气田的安全和海洋生态环境的质量。本文先以海底管道出露悬空作为故障树的顶事件,分析出海洋环境中各项基本事件,构建针对海洋环境的海底管道故障树模型;再以灰色模糊识别为理论基础,量化对海底管道安全有影响的海洋环境因素,并以层次分析法对每个风险因素进行分级赋权,确定评价指标范围和权重,进而构建海洋环境条件的海底管道风险评价体系。利用该体系对平湖油气田海底管道4个区段进行环境风险评价,避免了将整段管道一同评价导致的信息均等化,评价结果不能真实反映风险等级高的区段的情况;评价结果与管道2014~2016年现场检测数据对比,两者均显示P2分区中海底管道的风险等级较高,说明了该模型具有一定的合理性和实用性。  相似文献   

Study on Pure IL VIV of A Free Spanning Pipeline Under General Boundary Conditions     

XU Wan-hai  XU Jing-yu  WU Ying-xiang  JI Chun-ning 《海洋工程》2017,31(1):114-122

Pipeline spans may occur due to natural seabed irregularities or local scour of bed sediment. The pure in-line (IL) vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) analysis of the free spans is an important subject for design of pipeline in uneven seabed. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of pure IL VIV of a free spanning pipeline under general boundary conditions. An IL wake oscillator model which can describe the coupling of pipeline structure and fluctuating drag is introduced and employed. The coupled partial differential equations of structure and wake are transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations using two-mode Galerkin method. Some case studies are presented and thoroughly discussed in order to investigate the effects of internal fluid, axial force and boundary conditions on the pure IL VIV.  相似文献   

The prediction of traveling jet trenching in stiff clay based on the erosion failure mechanism     

Shusen Zhang  Tong Ge  Min Zhao  Chun Wang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(7):939-945

The performance of traveling jet trenching in stiff clay was tested. All the key parameters varied in the experiment, including the jet velocity, the shear strength of clay, the diameter of the nozzle, and the translational velocity of the nozzle. The jet–soil interface was found to be an arc. An equation was given to describe the interface. On the basis of the erosion failure mechanism, a new method is presented for predicting jet trenching depth. We first calculated the trajectory of the jet–soil interface and then predicted the distribution of the boundary layer shear stress along the jet–soil interface. The point where the wall shear stress was equal to the critical shear strength of clay was the ultimate trenching depth. The predictive results were found to fit the experimental results well.  相似文献   

Fuzzy MCDM-based GIS model for subsea oil pipeline route optimization: An integrated approach     

Abdul-Lateef Balogun  Abdul-Nasir Matori  Adekunle Isa Hamid-Mosaku  Dano Umar Lawal  Imtiaz Ahmed Chandio 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(7):961-969

Proper pipeline route selection is an integral component of a typical oil exploration and transportation project. Improperly selected routes could have severe consequences including pipe failures, oil spillage, and environmental disasters. Consequently, technologies like geographic information systems (GIS) are increasingly being used to facilitate the oil pipeline route selection procedure—especially for onshore routing projects. Surprisingly, not much has been documented on the application of GIS to offshore pipeline routing. With recent discoveries on the merits of offshore oil exploration, it is necessary to extend the analytical capabilities of GIS to the unique offshore domain. However, concerns have been raised regarding the limitations of GIS in accurately prioritizing diverse selection criteria in typical multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems like route selection. Consequently, this paper addresses the offshore/subsea pipeline routing constraint using a hybrid decision support system (DSS), which integrates a GIS and fuzzy logic-based approximate reasoning (AR) models for optimal performance. The resultant spatial decision support system (SDSS) was successfully applied to a case study in Malaysia. The AR algorithm calculated the significance level of the multiple criteria using various fuzzy linguistic variables and membership functions. The aggregated priority ranking from different pipeline routing experts showed that the overall influence of the environmental criteria (61.4%) significantly exceeded that of other equally important criteria in the study area. These rankings were inputted into the SDSS to simulate various probable routes. Final results accurately highlighted an optimal route, which places a premium on the protection of environmental features in the subsea study area—in alignment with the preferences of majority of the experts.  相似文献   

地铁暗挖施工引起的管线与地层沉降关系研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

赵智涛  刘军  王霆  刘继尧 《岩土力学》2015,36(4):1159-1166

依托北京地铁4号线公益西桥站工程,建立结构-地层-管线三维弹塑性数值模型,基于管线周边地层沉降及地表沉降实测数据分析,研究西南出入口暗挖施工上方管线周边地层变形规律。通过现场实测数据、数值模拟及经验公式计算结果综合对比,分析了管线刚度对地层变形抵制作用的影响。研究表明：管土相对刚度小于0.18时,管线与土体沉降差小于5%,可用经验公式计算出的管线轴线处地层沉降代替管线沉降。随管线刚度的增大,管线对土体变形的抑制作用逐渐增强,沿深度方向地层沉降量增大速率减小,并会出现负增长,甚至出现地层沉降小于地表沉降的情况。通过对数值计算结果的拟合分析,提出了刚性接头管线与地表沉降比和管土相对刚度的经验公式。工程实例应用结果表明,计算值与实测值偏差小于4%,验证了该方法的适用性。  相似文献   

中俄原油管道漠大线运营后面临一些冻害问题及防治措施建议     

李国玉  马巍  王学力  金会军  王永平  赵迎波  蔡永军  张鹏 《岩土力学》2015,36(10):2963-2973

基于世界上几条多年冻土区修建输油气管道的经验,结合我国境内的中俄原油管道漠河－大庆段（漠大线）现场调查、油温监测和探地雷达等勘察结果,研究漠大线运营后可能面临的主要冻害问题、形成过程、影响因素、成灾机制、管道影响,提出预防和防治措施建议及进一步需要研究的主要问题。研究发现,目前漠大线面临的主要冻害问题包括融沉、冻胀丘、冰椎、冻土斜坡、冰刨蚀和潜在冻胀等,在管道持续运行和环境条件改变下,这些冻融灾害可能对管道造成一定的不利影响甚至破坏。现场油温监测显示,在2011年和2012年最低和最高油温分别为0.42 ℃和16.2 ℃,全年的正油温运行是造成目前管道周围冻土融沉的主要原因。冬季部分地段出现的冻胀丘、冰椎以及浮冰对管道形成一定的潜在威胁。研究成果为中俄原油管道漠大线以及规划建设的中俄原油管道二线、中俄输气管道、格尔木－拉萨输油管道改造工程以及其他多年冻土区输油气管道设计、施工、运营和维护提供参考和依据。  相似文献   

轴向荷载作用下管与软土相互作用模型试验     

王建华  杨召焕 《岩土力学》2015,36(Z1):61-65

开展室内模型试验研究了PE涂层足尺管道在软弱黏土中发生纵向位移时静置时间、加载速率以及土层不排水抗剪强度3个因素对轴向摩擦特性的影响。研究表明,管与软黏土纵向相互作用的抗力-位移曲线存在硬化型和软化型两种形式,前者的峰值摩擦阻力一般出现在加载过程的最后阶段,而后者的峰值摩擦阻力则出现在相对位移为（0.005～0.02）D（D为 管直径）范围内;试验测得的峰值摩擦系数取值介于0.12～0.23之间,且该值比美国API规范推荐值偏小;管土纵向峰值摩擦系数与加载速率成正相关关系,且加载速率对抗力-位移曲线类型无显著影响;常见的不排水抗剪强度范围内,土层的不排水抗剪强度值越低,纵向摩擦系数越大。上述结论可为海底埋设管线与软黏土纵向相互作用摩擦系数的确定提供参考依据。  相似文献   

地面超载引起邻近埋地管道的位移分析     

龚晓南  孙中菊  俞建霖 《岩土力学》2015,36(2):305-310

地基土承受超载作用时就会产生沉降,在土体沉降作用下埋置于其中的管道,管壁就会产生变形甚至破裂。为分析地面超载对临近地下管线的影响,基于温克勒（Winkler）弹性地基短梁理论,应用Boussinesq解,考虑地面超载引起下卧层的沉降及地基土体的侧向移动对管道的影响,建立地面超载对埋地管道影响的分析计算模型,并采用有限差分法进行求解;通过算例分析了超载大小、位置,管道刚度、埋深、管径以及土体性质对埋地管道位移的影响;结果表明：超载大小、管道的刚度、埋深、管径对地下管道位移的影响较大,而当地基基床系数和超载离管道的距离增大到一定值时,地面超载对其影响将减弱。因此,需要考虑邻近超载对管道的影响,合理制定埋地管道的保护措施。  相似文献